© J. Helm/BGC

Department Biogeochemical Processes

Prof. Trumbore

The Biogeochemical Processes Division studies key processes and organisms that regulate the exchange of energy, water, and chemical compounds between ecosystems and their environments, and how these processes are affected by changes in climate and land use.

Within this broad goal, the Department maintains a focus on processes that are critical to understanding feedbacks between the land carbon cycle and climate and where lack of fundamental understanding currently limits the ability to predict the role of land as a source or sink for carbon in the coming decades to centuries. Broadly, the research in the Department shares the common goal to investigate processes that control how long carbon resides in ecosystem compartments, at spatial scales that span organisms to landscapes. Because of the importance of carbon to living organisms in storing energy and building structures, these processes are also fundamental to the functioning of ecosystems and their response to change.  

At the organism (microbe or plant) scale, we investigate how environmental controls such as drought or substrate availability influence resource allocation and activity in ways that can alter the timescales of carbon storage. At the ecosystem scale, we investigate how biotic (e.g. community diversity) and abiotic factors (mineralogy or climate) alter land-atmosphere exchange and the timescales for stabilization or destabilization of C in soils. At the landscape scale, we assess how disturbance processes such as fire, drought, windthrow and herbivory, can alter ecosystem carbon stocks and cycling.

Approaches and Tools

Quantifying responses and feedbacks in complex, coupled systems requires a range of tools and approaches. Laboratory experiments manipulate individual factors such as temperature, biodiversity or nutrient availability to document how different components of the ecosystem respond to changing environmental conditions. We participate in large field experiments that manipulate biodiversity (Jena experiment) and disturbances such as fire (Tanguro experiment).  Field observations of gradients of biodiversity through land management (Biodiversity Exploratories), or windthrows (ATTO) provide long-term field ‘experiments’.  Links to our own Theory group, as well as other modeling groups in the Institute allow us to use our results to test theories/models of ecosystem/organism function. We also actively develop new analytical tools that allow us to evaluate the importance of processes across a range of spatial and temporal scales.

Recent Publications

Wang, H.; Maestre, F. T.; Lu, N.; Zhao, G.; Zhang, Y.; Asensio, S.; Bramble, D. S.; Chen, W.; Dippold, M. A.; Eldridge, D. J. et al.; Gaitán, J. J.; García-Gómez, M.; Gozalo, B.; Gross, N.; Guirado, E.; Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y.; Martínez-Valderrama, J.; Mendoza, B. J.; Ochoa, V.; Plaza, C.; Saiz, H.; Schrumpf, M.; Sierra, C. A.; Tangarife-Escobar, A.; Valencia, E.; von Fromm, S. F.; Wang, C.; Wang, K.; Wang, Y.; Zaehle, S.; Fu, B.; Trumbore, S. E.; Huang, J.: Persistence and turnover of soil organic carbon in global drylands. Nature Communications 17, 3565 (2026)
Maracahipes, L.; Brando, P. M.; Silvério, D. V.; Maracahipes-Santos, L.; Silveiro, A. C.; Verona, L.; Macedo, M. N.; Trumbore, S. E.; Lenza, E.; Starinchak, B. et al.; Potter, N.; Herrera-Ramírez, D.; Barros, F. d. V.; Uribe, M. d. R.; Byrnes, L.; Andrade, A. F. A.; Rocha, E. X.; Rattis, L.; Nunes, T. F.; Oliveira, R. S.: Forest recovery pathways after fire, drought, and windstorms in southeastern Amazonia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 123 (17), e2532833123 (2026)
Pinheiro-Oliveira, D.; van Asperen, H.; Caetano, M. G.; Robin, M.; Edtbauer, A.; Zannoni, N.; Byron, J.; Williams, J.; Demarchi, L. O.; Piedade, M. T. F. et al.; Schöngart, J.; Wittmann, F.; Duvoisin-Junior, S.; Batista, C.; de Souza, R. A. F.; Alves, E. G.: Forest diversity and environmental factors shape contrasting soil-litter fluxes of biogenic volatile organic compounds and methane in three central Amazonian ecosystems. Biogeosciences 23 (7), pp. 2451 - 2476 (2026)
Mendonça, A. C.S.; Dias-Júnior, C. Q.; Oliveira, M. I. d.; Maroneze, R.; Martins, L. G. N.; Marra, D. M.; D’Oliveira, F. A. F.; Costa, F. D.; Fisch, G.; Hall, D. H. et al.; de Oliveira, R. S.; Portela, B. T.T.; Acevedo, O. C.: Is Low-Level Jet height a good approximation for the top of the nocturnal boundary-layer? Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 380, 111065 (2026)
Silva, P. S. C.; Tappiz, B.; Maduar, M.F.; Lakis, O.S.; Bustillos, J.O.W.V.; Botía, S. B.; Trumbore, S. E.; Hazenfratz, R.; Linhares, H. M. S. M. D.; Silva, F. A. G. et al.; Barbosa, C. G. G.; Gachkivskyi, M.; Bulthuis, S.; Tsokankunku, A.; Harder, H.: Long-term measurements of 222Rn in soil gas and at different height levels in Amazon tall tower observatory. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 295, 107940 (2026)
Verona, L.; Zanne, A.; Trumbore, S. E.; Bernardino, P.; Alencar, G.; Andreuccetti, T.; Herrera-Ramirez, D.; Cardoso, J.; Lira-Martins, D.; Mazzochini, G. et al.; Pilon, N.; Oliveira, R.: Vast, overlooked peat, and organic soils in Brazil’s Cerrado: carbon storage, dynamics, and stability. New Phytologist (2026)
Zhao, Y.; Lu, N.; Trumbore, S. E.; Goebel, Martin, M.; Kübler, K.; Wang, H.; Schrumpf, M.; Wang, K.; Wang, C.; Fu, B. et al.; Huang, J.: Tracing soil CO2 fluxes under drying-rewetting cycles: Isotopic insights from an automatic soil incubation system. Environmental Science & Technology 60 (11), pp. 8482 - 8493 (2026)
Finck, J.; Chowdhury, S.; Griffiths, R. I.; Malik, A. A.; Eisenhauer, N.; Lange, M.; Mendes, L. W.; Gleixner, G.: Plant diversity induces shifts from microbial generalists to specialist by enhancing niche differentiation, microbiome connectivity, and network stability in a temperate grassland. Environmental Microbiome 21 (1), 39 (2026)
Kaufholdt, D.; Kistner, S.; Rumpel, J.; Heidenblut, H.; Hauskeller, H.-M.; Hartmann, H.; Bloem, E.; Hänsch, R.: From curse to blessing: sulfur-availability enhances forest resilience? Trends in Plant Science 31 (3), pp. 282 - 294 (2026)
Lange, D. F.; Simon, C.; Danczak, R. E.; Schröter, S. A.; Santos, Y. R.; Silva, J. S. d.; Ferreira, S. J. F.; Komiya, S.; Dias-Junior, C. Q.; Quesada, C. A. et al.; Schäfer, T.; Stegen, J. C.; Gleixner, G.: Drought shifts dissolved organic matter sources from above- to belowground and stress-induced processes in Amazon white-sand forests. Biogeochemistry 169, 12 (2026)

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