Terrestrial Biosphere Modelling (TBM)

Magh, R.-K.; Paligi, S. S.; Papastefanou, P.; Klosterhalfen, A.; Ammer, C.; Beyer, M.; Dubbert, M.; Haberstroh, S.; Rohde, C.; Werner, C. et al.; Hildebrandt, A.: Continuous stem water potential measurements with microtensiometry reveal species identity and soil matric potential control of stem water potential in temperate forests. Ecohydrology 19 (3), e70197 (2026)

Wang, B.; Lyu, H.; Zhang, X.; Jiang, M.; Medlyn, B. E.; Wårlind, D.; Knauer, J.; Fleischer, K.; Goll, D. S.; Olin, S. et al.; Yang, X.; Yu, L.; Zaehle, S.; Zhang, H.; Schufft, K.; Crous, K. Y.; Carrillo, Y.; Macdonald, C. A.; Anderson, I. C.; Boer, M. M.; Farrell, M.; Gherlenda, A.; Castañeda-Gómez, L.; Hasegawa, S.; Jarosch, K.; Milham, P.; Ochoa-Hueso, R.; Pathare, V.; Pihlblad, J.; Piñeiro, J.; Power, S. A.; Reich, P. B.; Riegler, M.; Ellsworth, D. S.; Smith, B.: Phosphorus enrichment does not enlarge the predicted CO₂ fertilization effect on forest carbon sequestration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 123 (12), e2516152123 (2026)

Botia, S.; Dias-Junior, C. Q.; Komiya, S.; van der Woude, A.; Terristi, M.; de Kok, R.; Koren, G.; van Asperen, H.; Jones, S. P.; D'Oliveira, F. A. F. et al.; Weber, U.; Marques-Filho, E.; Toro, I. M. C.; Araújo, A.; Lavric, J.; Walter, D.; Li, X.; Wigneron, J.-P.; Stocker, B.; de Souza, J. G.; O'Sullivan, M.; Sitch, S.; Ciais, P.; Chevallier, F.; Li, W.; Luijkx, I. T.; Peters, W.; Quesada, C. A.; Zaehle, S.; Trumbore, S. E.; Bastos, A.: Reduced vegetation uptake during the extreme 2023 drought turns the Amazon into a weak carbon source. AGU Advances 7 (1), e2025AV001658 (2026)

Dong, G.; Jiang, F.; Zhang, Y.; Ju, W.; Piao, S.; Ciais, P.; Peters, W.; Luijkx, I. T.; Liu, J.; Chevallier, F. et al.; Zeng, N.; Tian, X.; Maksyutov, S.; Sonnentag, O.; Arain, M. A.; Barr, A. G.; Huang, Y.; Yue, C.; Yuan, W.; Liu, L.; Fan, L.; Yue, X.; Xiao, J.; Li, X.; Sitch, S.; Friedlingstein, P.; O’Sullivan, M.; Knauer, J.; Arora, V.; Kennedy, D.; Ma, L.; Thornton, P. E.; Séférian, R.; Nützel, T.; Heinke, J.; Sun, Q.; Zaehle, S.; Peylin, P.; Kato, E.; Alcock, H.; Lecavalier, B.; Wu, M.; Wang, J.; Zhang, L.; Lv, G.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, D.; Chen, J. M.: Canadian net forest CO₂ uptake enhanced by heat drought via reduced respiration. Nature Geoscience 19, 145–152 (2026)

O'Sullivan, M.; Friedlingstein, P.; Sitch, S.; Pongratz, J.; Schwingshackl, C.; Gasser, T.; Ciais, P.; Arora, V.; Kato, E.; Knauer, J. et al.; Monier, E.; Nützel, T.; Sun, Q.; Yuan, W.; Yue, X.; Zaehle, S.: An improved approach to estimate the natural land carbon sink. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 9, 29 (2026)

Ciais, P.; Ke, P.; Yao, Y.; Sitch, S.; Li, W.; Xu, Y.; Du, X.; Gui, X.; Bastos, A.; Zaehle, S. et al.; Poulter, B.; Colligan, T.; van der Woude, A. M.; Peters, W.; Liu, Z.; Jin, Z.; Tian, X.; Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Pandey, S.; O’Dell, C.; Bian, J.; Zhou, C.; Miller, J.; Lan, X.; De Souza, J. G.; O’Sullivan, M.; Friedlingstein, P.; van der Werf, G. R.; Peters, G. P.; Chevallier, F.: Low latency global carbon budget indicates reduced land carbon sink in the year 2024. National Science Review 13 (2), nwaf594 (2026)

Ermitão, T.; Gouveia, C.; Russo, A.; Burton, C.; Churiulin, E.; de Souza, J. G.; O’ Sullivan, M.; Ciais, P.; Zaehle, S.; Sitch, S. et al.; Li, W.; Xu, Y.; Bastos, A.: Influence of simulated vs. satellite-based burned areas on modelled terrestrial carbon fluxes. Carbon Balance and Management 21, 9 (2026)

Sophia, G.; Caldararu, S.; Stocker, B.; Zaehle, S.: Dynamic nitrogen resorption improves predictions of nitrogen cycling responses to global change in a next generation ecosystem model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 18 (1), e2025MS005181 (2026)

Tang, G.; Zaehle, S.; Nicholls, Z. R. J.; Norton, A.; Ziehn, T.; Meinshausen, M. A.: Understanding the drivers of carbon-nitrogen cycle variability in CMIP6 ESMs with MAGICC CNit v2.0: Model and calibration updates. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 18 (1), e2025MS005270 (2026)

Ouyang, Z.; Jackson, R. B.; Saunois, M.; Canadell, J. G.; Zhao, Y.; Morfopoulos, C.; Krummel, P. B.; Patra, P. K.; Peters, G. P.; Dennison, F. et al.; Gasser, T.; Archibald, A. T.; Arora, V.; Baudoin, G.; Chandra, N.; Ciais, P.; Davis, S. J.; Feron, S.; Guo, F.; Hauglustaine, D.; Jones, C. D.; Jones, M. W.; Kato, E.; Kennedy, D.; Knauer, J.; Lienert, S.; Lombardozzi, D.; Melton, J. R.; Nabel, J.; O’Sullivan, M.; Pétron, G.; Poulter, B.; Rogelj, J.; Calle, D. S.; Smith, P.; Suntharalingam, P.; Tian, H.; Wang, C.; Wiltshire, A.: The global hydrogen budget. Nature 648, pp. 616 - 624 (2025)

Gong, C.; Wang, Y.; Tian, H.; Kou-Giesbrecht, S.; Vuichard, N.; Zaehle, S.: Uncertainties in fertilizer-induced emissions of soil nitrogen oxide and the associated impacts on ground-level ozone and methane. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25 (22), pp. 17009 - 17025 (2025)

Peano, D.; Hemming, D.; Delire, C.; Fan, Y.; Lee, H.; Materia, S.; Nabel, J. E. M. S.; Park, T.; Wårlind, D.; Wiltshire, A. et al.; Zaehle, S.: Plant phenology evaluation of CRESCENDO land surface models using satellite-derived Leaf Area Index – Part 2: Seasonal trough, peak, and amplitude. Biogeosciences 22 (22), pp. 7117 - 7135 (2025)

Tran, D. A.; de Arellano, J. V.-G.; Luijkx, I. T.; Gerbig, C.; Galkowski, M.; Botia, S.; Faassen, K.; Zaehle, S.: Increasing diurnal and seasonal amplitude of atmospheric methane mole fraction in Central Siberia between 2010–2021. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25 (22), pp. 16553 - 16588 (2025)

Miinalainen, T.; Ojasalo, A.; Croft, H.; Aurela, M.; Peltoniemi, M.; Caldararu, S.; Zaehle, S.; Thum, T.: Evaluating the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the QUINCY terrestrial biosphere model using space-born optical remotely-sensed data. Biogeosciences 22 (22), pp. 6937 - 6962 (2025)

Du, X.; Ciais, P.; Sitch, S.; Chevallier, F.; O’Sullivan, M.; Bastos, A.; Zaehle, S.; Ke, P.; Zhu, L.; Guo, Z. et al.; Leng, Y.; Li, W.; de Souza, J. G.; Li, W.: Record-breaking high temperature amplifies the negative anomaly of tropical net land carbon sinks in the 2023-2024 El Nino. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 374, 110793 (2025)

Gong, C.; Tian, H.; Liao, H.; Pan, N.; Pan, S.; Ito, A.; Jain, A. K.; Kou-Giesbrecht, S.; Joos, F.; Sun, Q. et al.; Shi, H.; Vuichard, N.; Zhu, Q.; Peng, C.; Maggi, F.; Tang, F. H. M.; Zaehle, S.: Reply to: Uncertain climate effects of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen. Nature 646, pp. E10 - E12 (2025)

Tang, G.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, W.; Luo, Z.; Maasakkers, J. D.; Worden, J. R.: Satellite methane and ammonia observations consistently show substantial increases in pan-tropical livestock emissions. Environmental Research Letters 20 (11), 114005 (2025)

Meyer, B. F.; Darela-Filho, J. P.; Gregor, K.; Buras, A.; Gu, Q.-L.; Krause, A.; Liu, D.; Papastefanou, P.; Asuk, S.; Grams, T. E. E. et al.; Zang, C. S.; Rammig, A.: Simulating the drought response of European tree species with the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS (v4.1, 97c552c5). Geoscientific Model Development 18 (14), pp. 4643 - 4666 (2025)

Vallicrosa, H.; Fleischer, K.; Delgado-Baquerizo, M.; Fernández-Martínez, M.; Cerný, J.; Tian, D.; Kourmouli, A.; Mayoral, C.; Grados, D.; Lu, M. et al.; Terrer, C.: Nitrogen deposition and climate drive plant nitrogen uptake while soil factors drive nitrogen use efficiency in terrestrial ecosystems. Earth System Dynamics 16 (4), pp. 1183 - 1196 (2025)

Triches, N. Y.; Engel, J.; Bolek, A.; Vesala, T.; Marushchak, M. E.; Virkkala, A.-M.; Heimann, M.; Göckede, M.: Practical guidelines for reproducible N₂O flux chamber measurements in nutrient-poor ecosystems. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 18 (14), pp. 3407 - 3424 (2025)