Terrestrial Biosphere Modelling (TBM)

Dong, G.; Jiang, F.; Zhang, Y.; Ju, W.; Piao, S.; Ciais, P.; Peters, W.; Luijkx, I. T.; Liu, J.; Chevallier, F. et al.; Zeng, N.; Tian, X.; Maksyutov, S.; Sonnentag, O.; Arain, M. A.; Barr, A. G.; Huang, Y.; Yue, C.; Yuan, W.; Liu, L.; Fan, L.; Yue, X.; Xiao, J.; Li, X.; Sitch, S.; Friedlingstein, P.; O’Sullivan, M.; Knauer, J.; Arora, V.; Kennedy, D.; Ma, L.; Thornton, P. E.; Séférian, R.; Nützel, T.; Heinke, J.; Sun, Q.; Zaehle, S.; Peylin, P.; Kato, E.; Alcock, H.; Lecavalier, B.; Wu, M.; Wang, J.; Zhang, L.; Lv, G.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, D.; Chen, J. M.: Canadian net forest CO₂ uptake enhanced by heat drought via reduced respiration. Nature Geoscience (2026)

Tang, G.; Zaehle, S.; Nicholls, Z. R. J.; Norton, A.; Ziehn, T.; Meinshausen, M. A.: Understanding the drivers of carbon-nitrogen cycle variability in CMIP6 ESMs with MAGICC CNit v2.0: Model and calibration updates. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 18 (1), e2025MS005270 (2026)

Ouyang, Z.; Jackson, R. B.; Saunois, M.; Canadell, J. G.; Zhao, Y.; Morfopoulos, C.; Krummel, P. B.; Patra, P. K.; Peters, G. P.; Dennison, F. et al.; Gasser, T.; Archibald, A. T.; Arora, V.; Baudoin, G.; Chandra, N.; Ciais, P.; Davis, S. J.; Feron, S.; Guo, F.; Hauglustaine, D.; Jones, C. D.; Jones, M. W.; Kato, E.; Kennedy, D.; Knauer, J.; Lienert, S.; Lombardozzi, D.; Melton, J. R.; Nabel, J.; O’Sullivan, M.; Pétron, G.; Poulter, B.; Rogelj, J.; Calle, D. S.; Smith, P.; Suntharalingam, P.; Tian, H.; Wang, C.; Wiltshire, A.: The global hydrogen budget. Nature 648, pp. 616 - 624 (2025)

Gong, C.; Wang, Y.; Tian, H.; Kou-Giesbrecht, S.; Vuichard, N.; Zaehle, S.: Uncertainties in fertilizer-induced emissions of soil nitrogen oxide and the associated impacts on ground-level ozone and methane. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25 (22), pp. 17009 - 17025 (2025)

Peano, D.; Hemming, D.; Delire, C.; Fan, Y.; Lee, H.; Materia, S.; Nabel, J. E. M. S.; Park, T.; Wårlind, D.; Wiltshire, A. et al.; Zaehle, S.: Plant phenology evaluation of CRESCENDO land surface models using satellite-derived Leaf Area Index – Part 2: Seasonal trough, peak, and amplitude. Biogeosciences 22 (22), pp. 7117 - 7135 (2025)

Tran, D. A.; de Arellano, J. V.-G.; Luijkx, I. T.; Gerbig, C.; Galkowski, M.; Botia, S.; Faassen, K.; Zaehle, S.: Increasing diurnal and seasonal amplitude of atmospheric methane mole fraction in Central Siberia between 2010–2021. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25 (22), pp. 16553 - 16588 (2025)

Miinalainen, T.; Ojasalo, A.; Croft, H.; Aurela, M.; Peltoniemi, M.; Caldararu, S.; Zaehle, S.; Thum, T.: Evaluating the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the QUINCY terrestrial biosphere model using space-born optical remotely-sensed data. Biogeosciences 22 (22), pp. 6937 - 6962 (2025)

Du, X.; Ciais, P.; Sitch, S.; Chevallier, F.; O’Sullivan, M.; Bastos, A.; Zaehle, S.; Ke, P.; Zhu, L.; Guo, Z. et al.; Leng, Y.; Li, W.; de Souza, J. G.; Li, W.: Record-breaking high temperature amplifies the negative anomaly of tropical net land carbon sinks in the 2023-2024 El Nino. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 374, 110793 (2025)

Gong, C.; Tian, H.; Liao, H.; Pan, N.; Pan, S.; Ito, A.; Jain, A. K.; Kou-Giesbrecht, S.; Joos, F.; Sun, Q. et al.; Shi, H.; Vuichard, N.; Zhu, Q.; Peng, C.; Maggi, F.; Tang, F. H. M.; Zaehle, S.: Reply to: Uncertain climate effects of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen. Nature 646, pp. E10 - E12 (2025)

Tang, G.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, W.; Luo, Z.; Maasakkers, J. D.; Worden, J. R.: Satellite methane and ammonia observations consistently show substantial increases in pan-tropical livestock emissions. Environmental Research Letters 20 (11), 114005 (2025)

Meyer, B. F.; Darela-Filho, J. P.; Gregor, K.; Buras, A.; Gu, Q.-L.; Krause, A.; Liu, D.; Papastefanou, P.; Asuk, S.; Grams, T. E. E. et al.; Zang, C. S.; Rammig, A.: Simulating the drought response of European tree species with the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS (v4.1, 97c552c5). Geoscientific Model Development 18 (14), pp. 4643 - 4666 (2025)

Vallicrosa, H.; Fleischer, K.; Delgado-Baquerizo, M.; Fernández-Martínez, M.; Cerný, J.; Tian, D.; Kourmouli, A.; Mayoral, C.; Grados, D.; Lu, M. et al.; Terrer, C.: Nitrogen deposition and climate drive plant nitrogen uptake while soil factors drive nitrogen use efficiency in terrestrial ecosystems. Earth System Dynamics 16 (4), pp. 1183 - 1196 (2025)

Triches, N. Y.; Engel, J.; Bolek, A.; Vesala, T.; Marushchak, M. E.; Virkkala, A.-M.; Heimann, M.; Göckede, M.: Practical guidelines for reproducible N₂O flux chamber measurements in nutrient-poor ecosystems. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 18 (14), pp. 3407 - 3424 (2025)

Müller, W. A.; Früh, B.; Korn, P.; Potthast, R.; Baehr, J.; Bettems, J.-M.; Bölöni, G.; Brienen, S.; Fröhlich, K.; Helmert, J. et al.; Jungclaus, J.; Köhler, M.; Lorenz, S.; Schneidereit, A.; Schnur, R.; Schulz, J.-P.; Schlemmer, L.; Sgoff, C.; Pham, T. V.; Pohlmann, H.; Vogel, B.; Vogel, H.; Wirth, R.; Zaehle, S.; Zängl, G.; Stevens, B.; Marotzke, J.: ICON: Toward vertically integrated model configurations for numerical weather prediction, climate predictions, and projections. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 106 (6), pp. E1017 - E1031 (2025)

Xiao, C.; Zaehle, S.; Sitch, S.; Duveiller, G.; Pabon-Moreno, D. E.; Walker, A. P.; Knauer, J.; Maignan, F.; Schmullius, C.; Bastos, A.: Deforestation increases vegetation vulnerability to drought across biomes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 39 (5), e2024GB008378 (2025)

Thum, T.; Miinalainen, T.; Seppälä, O.; Croft, H.; Rogers, C.; Staebler, R.; Caldararu, S.; Zaehle, S.: Modelling decadal trends and the impact of extreme events on carbon fluxes in a temperate deciduous forest using a terrestrial biosphere model. Biogeosciences 22 (7), pp. 1781 - 1807 (2025)

Knorr, W.; Williams, M.; Thum, T.; Kaminski, T.; Voßbeck, M.; Scholze, M.; Quaife, T.; Smallmann, L.; Steele-Dunne, S.; Vreugdenhil, M. et al.; Green, T.; Zaehle, S.; Aurela, M.; Bouvet, A.; Bueechi, E.; Dorigo, W.; El-Madany, T. S.; Migliavacca, M.; Honkanen, M.; Kerr, Y.; Kontu, A.; Lemmetyinen, J.; Lindqvist, H.; Mialon, A.; Miinalainen, T.; Pique, G.; Ojasalo, A.; Quegan, S.; Rayner, P.; Reyes-Muñoz, P.; Rodríguez-Fernández, N.; Schwank, M.; Verrelst, J.; Zhu, S.; Schüttemeyer, D.; Drusch, M.: A comprehensive land-surface vegetation model for multi-stream data assimilation, D&B v1.0. Geoscientific Model Development 18 (7), pp. 2137 - 2159 (2025)

Tang, G.; Nicholls, Z.; Norton, A.; Zaehle, S.; Meinshausen, M.: Synthesizing global carbon–nitrogen coupling effects – the MAGICC coupled carbon–nitrogen cycle model v1.0. Geoscientific Model Development 18 (7), pp. 2193 - 2230 (2025)

Tang, G.; Nicholls, Z.; Jones, C.; Gasser, T.; Norton, A.; Ziehn, T.; Romero-Prieto, A.; Meinshausen, M.: Investigating carbon and nitrogen conservation in reported CMIP6 Earth system model data. Geoscientific Model Development 18 (7), pp. 2111 - 2136 (2025)

Sierra, C.; Chanca, I.; Andreae, M.; de Araújo, A. C.; van Asperen, H.; Borchardt, L.; Botia, S.; Candido, L. A.; Correa, C. S. C.; Dias-Junior, C. Q. et al.; Eritt, M.; Fröhlich, A.; Gatti, L. V.; Guderle, M.; Hammer, S.; Heimann, M.; Horna, V.; Jordan, A.; Knabe, S.; Kneißl, R.; Lavrič, J. V.; Levin, I.; Macario, K.; Menger, J.; Moossen, H.; Quesada, C. A.; Rothe, M.; Rödenbeck, C.; Santos, Y.; Steinhof, A.; Takeshi, B.; Trumbore, S. E.; Zaehle, S.: The flask monitoring program for high-precision atmospheric measurements of greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon in the central Amazon region. Earth System Science Data 17 (11), pp. 5871 - 5884 (2025)